What gauge is
Gauge is the number of stitches and rows that fit into a given length of fabric, usually 4 inches or 10 centimeters. Two knitters using the same yarn and needles can get different gauges, which is why you swatch before starting a project that has to fit.
The formula
stitches per unit = stitches counted ÷ width measured
rows per unit = rows counted ÷ height measured
Example: 20 stitches across 4 inches is 20 ÷ 4 = 5 stitches per inch, and 28 rows across 4 inches is 7 rows per inch. Fractions of a stitch count too: 21.5 stitches over 4 inches is 5.375 per inch, not 5.
Swatching tips
- Knit a swatch at least 6 inches (15 cm) wide so the edge stitches, which are distorted, stay outside the area you measure.
- Wash and dry the swatch the way you will care for the finished piece, then measure it flat without stretching.
- Measure across several places and use the average.
Frequently asked questions
How do I measure knitting gauge?
Knit a swatch, wash and dry it, lay it flat, then count the stitches and rows across a measured length (4 in or 10 cm) in the middle of the swatch.
How many stitches per inch is 20 stitches over 4 inches?
20 ÷ 4 = 5 stitches per inch.
Does gauge matter for scarves and blankets?
Less than for fitted garments, but it still decides how much yarn you use and how big the finished piece is.
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